Footnotes
Keywords: current

... classes1.1
  Any class that is not declared as `abstract` is ``concrete''.

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... superclass.1.2
  In pathological cases, some repeated code may not be subject to factoring because of conflicts among possible factorings. For example, variants `A` and `B` may share code for method `m`

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... definition1.3
  For a composite class hierarchy, use the top class.

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...m1.4
  The redefined method must have exactly the same name and input and output types as the method m that would have been inherited.

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...`false`.1.5
  This part of the `equals` specification is poorly designed because it unnecessarily complicates the behavior of `equals` without providing any useful benefit. A better specification would have stipulated that the behavior of `equals` on `null` was unspecified because `null` is outside the intended domain of the method.

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... method.1.6
  Of course, any static method can be converted to an instance method in some class, but the conversion is gratuitous since the static method code ignores `this`.

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... definition;1.7
  The return types of arithmetic operators generally depend on the types of their arguments. For some operator applications, the table immediately reports a type error.

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...alternative;1.8
  If neither arm of the conditional expression has a more general type, the program is not well-typed.

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...`VoidType`.1.9
  The Java libraries include a `Void` class, but it cannot be instantiated, so we must define our own `VoidType`.

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... object.2.1
  Every Java object has an associated hashcode which can be obtained using the method `hashCode()`.

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... loop:2.2
  With one minor exception involving the use of `continue` in the loop body. Since our Java subset does not include `continue`, it is not an issue.

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... call2.3
  Taking care to avoid interference from side effects!

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...nested-class-name).2.4
  Since classes may be nested to any depth, multiply nested classes have multiple qualifiers, one for each level of nesting.

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... object.2.5
  Another alternative is add an `owner` field to the abstract class `List` that refers to the containing `QuasiList` object but this approach complicates the form of the constructors for `Cons` and `Empty`, which must take an additional argument to initialize the `owner` field.

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... sign.4.1
  As we will explain shortly, Java supports several different sizes of integer representation; 31 binary digits plus sign is the default for integer constants.

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